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The Role of Heart Rate Variability Biofeedback Sessions in the Neurophysiological Responses to Experimental Whole-Body Cold Air Exposure in Humans. P. 261–271

Версия для печати

Section: Physiology

UDC

612.017.2:612.821.33

DOI

10.17238/issn2542-1298.2019.7.3.261

Authors

Denis B. Demin*, Liliya V. Poskotinova*, Elena V. Krivonogova*, Ol’ga V. Krivonogova*, Marina A. Ovsyankina**
*N. Laverov Federal Center for Integrated Arctic Research, Russian Academy of Sciences (Arkhangelsk, Russian Federation)
**Arkhangelsk Teacher Training College (Arkhangelsk, Russian Federation)
Corresponding author: Denis Demin, address: prosp. Lomonosova 249, Arkhangelsk, 163000, Russian Federation; e-mail: denisdemin@mail.ru

Abstract

This article studies the changes in the parameters of central haemodynamics, heart rate variability (HRV) and electroencephalogram (EEG) in 30 healthy male volunteers aged 18–20 years during heart rate variability biofeedback (HRV BF) sessions aimed to increase the parasympathetic regulation of the heart, as well as during whole-body cold air exposure. The subjects were divided into two groups: those undergoing HRV BF (n = 15) and the control (n = 15). EEG was recorded during each stage of the study using the “Neuron-Spectrum-SM” portable electroencephalograph (Russia). Simultaneously, HRV, blood pressure, heart rate and temperature in the right auditory canal were recorded. The experiment included five stages: I – state at rest at the temperature of +20 ºС; II – HRV BF session (patent no. 2317771) for the HRV BF group (the control stays at rest); III – cold chamber at –20 ºС for 10 minutes; stages IV and V after cold exposure – similar to stages I and II, respectively. It was shown that during cold exposure, the human body temperature significantly decreased by an average of 2.2–2.7 °C. Central haemodynamic parameters changed identically in both groups: blood pressure decreased significantly at stages II and V and grew during cold exposure; heart rate declined significantly at stage III, then increased gradually during warming. At cooling, all the subjects showed a decrease in stress index against the background of an increase in total HRV power. The preliminary HRV BF session helped to maintain vagal effects on the heart rhythm after whole-body cold air exposure. The changes in amplitude-frequency EEG characteristics during wholebody cold air exposure were manifested in the increased activity of the subcortical regulatory mechanisms (a significant increase in theta-activity). In subjects undergoing HRV BF, the EEG alpha-activity increased, while in the control group in 60 % of cases it decreased, which indicates desynchronization of the main EEG-rhythm.

Keywords

electroencephalography, heart rate variability, biofeedback, whole-body cold air exposure, hypothermia
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References

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